Glycerol monostearate GMS E471 is a versatile, synthetic food additive functioning as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickening agent in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications. It appears as a white, waxy powder or flakes with a mild characteristic odor and neutral taste. Glycerol monostearate GMS is dispersible in hot water and highly soluble in fats, oils, and organic solvents. Its Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) value typically ranges from 3 to 4, making it effective for stabilizing oil-in-water emulsions.
With a molecular weight of approximately 358.56 g/mol and chemical formula C21H42O4, glycerol monostearate consists of glycerol esterified with one molecule of stearic acid. It exhibits thermal stability between 55-60°C and is functional across a wide pH range. Glycerol monostearate’s unique ability to form stable emulsions, control crystallization, and improve texture makes it an indispensable ingredient in bakery products, confectionery, dairy, processed foods, and personal care formulations.
